Autoimmune movement disorder, autoantibody positive (Q100584)

Autoimmune movement disorder seropositive for neural autoantibodies. When these neural antibodies target plasma membrane antigens they are effectors of injury (e.g. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies) through multiple effector mechanisms. However, when targeting nuclear or cytoplasmic antigens (e.g. voltage gated-potassium channel complex autoantibodies) they are markers of a T-cell effector mediated injury as they are inaccessible to immune attack in situ, but peptides from intracellular proteins are displayed on upregulated MHC class 1 molecules in a pro-inflammatory cytokine milieu and then accessible to peptide specific cytotoxic T-cells. Associated neural autoantibodies include: DPPX (dipeptidyl-peptidase-like protein-6); GAD65 (glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 antibodies); NMDA-R (N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor autoantibodies); VGKC ( voltage gated calcium channel LGI1, CASPR2)