Certain specified neurological disorder aquaporin-4 antibody positive (Q84139)

Since discovery of the neural autoantibody to aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG) as a biomarker of neuromyelitis optica a wider spectrum of neurological disease associated with AQP4-IgG seropositivity is recognised and often referred to as NMO spectrum disorders (see NMO spectrum disorders [NMOSD] definition), but may be categorized under this heading emphasizing disease outside the optic nerves and spinal cord. This includes nausea/vomiting attacks from area postrema lesions, syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic-hormone secretion (SIADH) or narcolepsy from hypothalamic lesions, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) like presentations from cerebral involvement and myositis from muscle involvement.