Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (Q84133): Difference between revisions

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) are inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) which represent limited forms of Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) [see NMO definition] and do not fulfill the 2006 NMO diagnostic criteria which requires both optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. NMOSD’s require the detection of aquaporin-4 IgG. Examples of NMOSD’s include AQP4-IgG accompanying either single/recurrent optic neuritis or single/recurrent typically longitudinally extensive (> 3 vertebral segments) transverse myelitis. Less common NMOSD’s include attacks of severe nausea and vomiting from area postrema lesions and cerebral lesions (e.g. posterior reversible encephalopathy like syndrome or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis). Associated neural autoantibodies include: AQP4-IgG (aquaporin-4 autoantibodies)