Allergic rhinitis (Q42801): Difference between revisions
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Rinite alérgica é uma inflamação de via aérea nasal desencadeada por alérgenos aos quais o indivíduo afetado foi previamente sensibilizado. A patogênese da rinite alérgica é uma reação alérgica tipo I na mucosa nasal. Antígenos inalados em contato com a mucosa nasal sensibilizada ligam-se a anticorpos IgE nos mastócitos, que liberam mediadores químicos como histamina e peptídeos de leucotrienos. Consequentemente, as terminações nervosas sensitivas e vasos sanguíneos reagem provocando espirros, coriza e obstrução nasal (fase de resposta imediata). Na fase de resposta tardia, vários mediadores químicos são produzidos pelos mastócitos, citocinas são produzidas por células Th2 e mastócitos, e quimiocinas são produzidas por células epiteliais, pelo endotélio vascular e pelos fibrócitos, respectivamente. Tais transmissores derivados dessas células efetivamente induzem a infiltração de vários tipos de células inflamatórias na mucosa nasal. Entre elas, os eosinófilos ativados são os principais responsáveis pelo edema e pela hiper-reatividade da mucosa. | |||
| description / en | description / en | ||
Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of nasal airway triggered by allergens to which the affected individual has previously been sensitized. Pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis is type I allergy on the nasal mucosa. Antigens inhaled into sensitized nasal mucosa bind to IgE antibodies on mast cells, which release chemical mediators such as histamine and peptide leukotriene. Consequently terminal of sensory neurons and vessels react to induce sneezing, running nose, and stuffy nose (immediate phase reaction). In late phase reaction, various chemical mediators are produced by mast cells, cytokines are produced by Th2 and mast cells, and chemokines are produced by epithelial cells, endothelium of blood vessels, and fibrocytes, respectively. These cell-derived transmitters actually induce various cell types of inflammatory cell infiltration to nasal mucosa. Among them, activated eosinophils is the main player of mucosal swelling and hyperreactivity. | |||
Revision as of 09:29, 13 August 2026
Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of nasal airway triggered by allergens to which the affected individual has previously been sensitized. Pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis is type I allergy on the nasal mucosa. Antigens inhaled into sensitized nasal mucosa bind to IgE antibodies on mast cells, which release chemical mediators such as histamine and peptide leukotriene. Consequently terminal of sensory neurons and vessels react to induce sneezing, running nose, and stuffy nose (immediate phase reaction). In late phase reaction, various chemical mediators are produced by mast cells, cytokines are produced by Th2 and mast cells, and chemokines are produced by epithelial cells, endothelium of blood vessels, and fibrocytes, respectively. These cell-derived transmitters actually induce various cell types of inflammatory cell infiltration to nasal mucosa. Among them, activated eosinophils is the main player of mucosal swelling and hyperreactivity.
| Language | Label | Description | Also known as |
|---|---|---|---|
| default for all languages | CA08.0 |
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| English | Allergic rhinitis |
Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of nasal airway triggered by allergens to which the affected individual has previously been sensitized. Pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis is type I allergy on the nasal mucosa. Antigens inhaled into sensitized nasal mucosa bind to IgE antibodies on mast cells, which release chemical mediators such as histamine and peptide leukotriene. Consequently terminal of sensory neurons and vessels react to induce sneezing, running nose, and stuffy nose (immediate phase reaction). In late phase reaction, various chemical mediators are produced by mast cells, cytokines are produced by Th2 and mast cells, and chemokines are produced by epithelial cells, endothelium of blood vessels, and fibrocytes, respectively. These cell-derived transmitters actually induce various cell types of inflammatory cell infiltration to nasal mucosa. Among them, activated eosinophils is the main player of mucosal swelling and hyperreactivity. |
